Bad
Breath (Halitosis)
C2003
Dr. Alva Irish
Bad
breath (halitosis) is a common problem which often comes
from the activity of bacteria in the mouth. Although
there is no way of knowing for sure, most adults
probably suffer from bad breath occasionally, with
perhaps a quarter suffering on a regular basis.
Bad
breath can be acute or chronic depending on the underlying cause. It may
indicate the need to clean the teeth and mouth more often, tooth or gum
disease, or intestinal disorders.
Bacteria
in mouth, diabetes, drugs, gum disease, heavy metal accumulation, infection,
liver disease, not eating, poor diet, poor dental hygiene, smoking, sulfur,
stress, parasite infestation and tooth decay can be some of the many causes
of this very common problem.
Is
bad breath treatable?
In
the past, bad breath was often considered to be an incurable affliction.
However, in recent years it has become increasingly evident that bad breath
is usually treatable once a proper diagnosis is made.
The
main problem is knowing whether we have it or
not, because we are poor judges of our own breath odor. Some people suffer
from bad breath without knowing it, while others build up exaggerated fears
about breath odor even though they do not have it. The best way to find out
whether we have bad breath is to ask for someone else's opinion. If we don't
ask, other people are unlikely to tell us. And since bad breath can
sometimes - fortunately rarely - be a sign of a significant general health
problem, we should not be reluctant to tell people dear to us that they have
a bad breath problem.
What
should I do if I have bad breath?
If
you have reason to believe that there is a problem, then see your dentist
first, since bad breath often comes from the mouth itself.
When
you see your dentist, it is a good idea to explain in advance that you will
be asking for advice about bad breath. Also, try to go with someone who is
familiar with the problem, to help give your dentist an objective picture of
how bad the odor really is, how long it has been going on, and when it
improves or gets worse. Since bad breath often varies, a family member or
friend can also help determine whether the odor at the time of the
appointment resembles, both in character and intensity, the odor that is
generally troublesome.
If
your dentist knows that the consultation is about bad breath, you may be
asked not to eat, drink, smoke, chew gum, suck confectionery, use
mouthwashes, breath fresheners etc., so that the odor will be more typical.
You should also avoid using perfumed cosmetic products, such as perfume,
aftershave and scented lipstick prior to the appointment, since it can
interfere with the odor assessment. If your dentist is not told about the
reason for the consultation beforehand, do these things anyway and tell the
dentist that you have prepared for the appointment in this way.
In
most cases (about 85-95%), the odor comes from the mouth rather than the
nose. This is an indication that bacterial activity somewhere in the mouth
is responsible. If the odor comes mostly from the nose, then the nasal
passages may be involved.
Different
odor-related problems and their possible causes:
Problem |
Possible
cause or source of malodor |
Odor
after fasting, dieting, sleeping, taking medications, prolonged
speaking, exercise
|
dryness
in the mouth, insufficient saliva flow
|
Gums
bleed and/or smell
|
gum
problems, poor cleaning between teeth
|
Odor
upon talking
|
postnasal
drip on back of tongue
|
Odor
at onset of menstrual cycle
|
swelling
of gums
|
Small
whitish stones with foul odor appear on tongue
|
tonsiloliths
from crypts in tonsils
|
Odor
appears suddenly from mouth of young children
|
onset
of throat infection
|
Odor
appears suddenly from nose of young children
|
foreign
body placed in nose
|
Odor
appears suddenly from entire body of young children
|
foreign
body placed in nose
|
Taste
or smell of rotten fish
|
trimethylaminuria
(rare)
|
Odor
in denture wearers
|
dentures
kept in mouth at night or not cleaned properly
|
Odor
from nose
|
sinusitis,
polyps, dryness, foreign body, hindered air or mucus flow
|
Bad
taste all day long
|
poor
oral hygiene, gum disease, excessive bacterial activity on tongue
|
Where
does the odor come from?
Most
cases of bad breath appear to be due to the breakdown of proteins by a
variety of micro-organisms. Several of the breakdown products are foul
smelling gases.
In
people with healthy teeth and gums, the odor usually comes from the far back
region of the tongue, and grows stronger when the patient starts talking.
The dentist can sample this area using a plastic spoon. The odor coming from
the spoon sample may then be compared to the overall odor. Although we do
not know why, the very back of the tongue is an important source of bad
breath, possibly as a result of postnasal drip, which can get stuck on the
tongue and is then broken down by bacteria on the tongue surface.
If
the back of the tongue is the problem, then the dentist can recommend a
method of cleaning the area, either with a toothbrush, or a specially
designed tongue scraper (in some countries, tongue cleaning is a common and
ancient practice). It takes time and patience to overcome the gagging
reflex. But, eventually, tongue cleaning becomes easy. Care should be taken
to clean the back of the tongue thoroughly yet gently, without inflicting
pain or sores.
Can
gum disease cause bad breath?
In
some people, bad breath is associated with gum disease, especially if
rubbing the areas between the teeth and gums yields a foul odor. Your
dentist can help prevent and treat gum diseases in various ways, depending
on the type and extent of the problem, but your own daily home care makes
all the difference in the world in maintaining gum health between
appointments. Cleaning of the spaces between the teeth is of great
importance. One home tip to healthy gums (and less bad breath) is to smell
the odor coming from the dental floss, and to work to clean those areas more
carefully.
People
with gum disease often have higher levels of odor coming from their tongue,
as well.
What
can I do?
-
Visit
your dentist regularly.
-
Have
your teeth cleaned periodically by a dental professional.
-
Floss
or otherwise clean between your teeth, as recommended by your dentist.
Choose unscented floss so that you can detect those areas between your
teeth that give off odors, and clean them more carefully.
-
Brush
your teeth and gums properly.
-
Ask
your dentist to recommend a toothbrush or scraper for your tongue. Clean
your tongue all the way back gently, but thoroughly.
-
Drink
plenty of liquids.
-
Chew
sugar-free gum for a minute or two at a time, especially if your mouth
feels dry. chewing parsley, mint, cloves or
fennel seeds may also help.
-
Clean
your mouth after eating or drinking milk products, fish and meat.
-
Unless
your dentist advises otherwise, soak dentures overnight in antiseptic
solution.
-
Get
control over the problem. Ask a family member to tell you whenever you
have bad breath.
-
If
someone in your family or a close friend has bad breath, find a kind way
to let them know. If you can't tell them directly, leave this fact file
lying around. They may get the message.
-
Ask
your dentist to recommend a mouthwash which has been shown to be
clinically effective in fighting bad breath.
-
Use
it most effectively right before sleeping.
-
Eat
fresh, fibrous vegetables such as carrots.
The
most effective natural treatments of choice for the various causes of bad
breath are:
Chlorophyll
cleanses
blood, natural mouthwash, rich
in nutrients
Vitamin
C
wound healing of mouth
Zinc
breaks down sulfur
Alfalfa
rich
in chlorophyll, Alfalfa is a source of minerals, enzymes and vitamins.
Chlorophyll has been used as a blood detoxifier and nutrient.
Echinacea
anti-bacterial
Garlic
(odorless)
antibiotic
Licorice
Gl a
special formula that combines standardized extracts of Glycyrrhiza
glabra, the typical European licorice, and Zingibar
officinale, commonly known as ginger. Licorice
has been shown in studies to support a healthy stomach and intestinal tract
by increasing mucus secretion by the stomach lining cells, improving mucus
quality, and repairing intestinal cells.
Detoxinal
Modern
living takes its toll on our bodies and puts added pressure on our liver and
kidneys – the body's detoxifying organs. Diets high in fats and food
additives, combined with increased levels of air and water pollution, make
it more important than ever to support the body's efforts to detoxify
itself. Detoxinal
combines a variety of beneficial herbs and nutrients to optimize the body's
detoxifying process
Candistatin
was
specifically developed to help the body maintain healthy yeast levels in the
gastrointestinal tract. Maintaining the proper balance of intestinal flora
is important for optimum health and absorption of nutrients.
Paraclear
Paraclear's
unique combination of nutrients work together to detoxify the body and
cleanse the intestinal tract, without disturbing the normal balance of
intestinal flora that inhabit the
gastrointestinal system. The herb, Sweet Annie, is an extract from the
leaves of the Artemisia plant cultivated in
Europe
and
Asia
.
Used for over 2,000 years in
China
,
sweet Annie contains essential oils that help detoxify the intestinal tract.
Zygest
Enzymes
are essential for proper digestive health. They convert the food we eat into
chemical structures that can pass through the cell walls.
Bioflora
The
digestive tract is home for millions of different beneficial microorganisms
that help maintain a healthy gastrointestinal environment.
Bioflora returns the flora to its proper
balance.
References:
Burps,
Boogers, and Bad Breath (Spyglass Books) by David Conrad
Curing Common Complaints: From Bad Breath to Fatigue, Heartburn and Tooth
Stains: The Best Doctor-Tested Tips to Relieve Everyday Health Concerns
(The Family Home Remedies Collection)
Our Hero Has Bad Breath by Peter Robins
Dog Breath! : The Horrible Trouble With Hally
Tosis Dav Pilkey
Bad Breath: A Multidisciplinary Approach Daniel van Steenberghe
ed., Mel Rosenberg
Beating Bad Breath: Your Complete Guide to Eliminating and Preventing
Halitosis by Richard A. Miller
The Bad Breath Book by Fred Siemon
|